12/31/2010

文摘-- 君主论

第十七章 論殘酷與仁慈

即使自己不能贏得人們的愛戴,也要避免自己為人們所憎恨;因為一個人被人畏懼同時又不為人們所憎恨,這是可以很好地結合起來的。只要他對自己的公民和自己的屬民的財產,對他們的妻女不染指,那就辦得到了。而當他需要剝奪任何人的生命的時候,他必須有適當的辯解和明顯的理由才這樣做。但是頭一件是,他務必不要碰他人的財產,因為人們忘記父親之死比忘記遺產的喪失(perditadelpatrimonio)還來得快些[1]。再說,奪取他人財產的口實是永遠好找的;一個人一旦開始以掠奪為生,他就常常找到侵佔他人財產的口實。但是,與此相反,奪取他人生命的理由卻更加難找了,而且很快就消失了。


人們愛戴君主,是基於他們自己的意志,而感到畏懼則是基於君主的意志,因此一位明智的君主應當立足在自己的意志之上,而不是立足在他人的意志之上。他只是必須努力避免招仇惹恨,有如前述。
 


[1]這是東西方學者經常摘引,用以指責馬基雅維里的一句話。

2/06/2010

some thoughts

I am a boring person. People cannot understand how I could repeat doing the same things time and time again. For example, I like watching the same music videos for lots of times. Each time I can find something new. But here I don't want to go deeper in taking about the music, since I am not an expert. Sometimes I think, how those men can keep on playing the same instrument, the same kind of music for more than 30 years. Actually, people who are not so devoted will turn to others sooner or later, leaving those really great men. This may not purely because of love, but also their insistence to achieving perfect. So are the scientists. What they are doing always make me feel shame. It just like that I am taking a long dormancy, if not a regress. I am trying very hard to wake up myself. There will be no excuse.